This paper provides the insight view about the affects of environment pollution in the perspective of air pollution, water and land soil waste pollution on human by diseases and problems, animals and trees plants. Some of the key factors affecting water quality are temperature, dissolved oxygen, ph, salinity, suspended solids, toxic waste levels. However, pollution receives a fraction of the interest from the global community. The chemical formula h20 shows the basic units of a water molecule. The emerging environmental health risks and challenges for. In the developing world, 80% diseases are waterrelated. Sometimes, when pregnant women are exposed to chemicals or drink a lot. Places that only a generation ago knew famine are today experiencing epidemics of obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Water quality and disease one of the most common causes of disease and mortality in landbased aquaculture is problems with water quality. By causing illness and premature death, pollution reduces quality of life. Diseases driven by pollution accounted for 1 in every 6 deaths in 2015.
Increased mortality in these groups occurs within 1 to 5 days. Heart disease, stroke, and outdoor air pollution, epa456. Waterborne diseases are pathogenic microorganisms which are directly transmitted when contaminateddirectly transmitted when contaminated drinking waterdrinking water is consumed. Air pollution and health in turkey health and environment alliance. Nutrients, often from fertilizers, cause problems in. Environmental pollution is reaching worrying proportions worldwide. Air pollution is linked to lung cancer, cardiovascular diseases ischaemic heart disease and stroke. Waterrelated diseases are a human tragedy, killing millions of people each year account for 80% of all deaths in developing countries. Warmer waters, heavier storms and nutrient pollution are a triple threat to great lakes cities drinking water. According to some estimates, every year a few million americans are made ill by polluted water. Agents, diseases and types of exposures are well documented, but the relationship between them is. The impact of water pollution on human health pirshtuk a. Contaminated drinking water used in the preparation of food cancontaminated drinking water used in the preparation of food can.
Fresh water pollution may be classified into two types. Perhaps one of the best known examples of air pollution increasing morbidity and mortality is the 1952 london smog. So, here we are, with some most common diseases caused by polluted water. Terrible effects of agricultural pollution agricultural pollution scores the highest when it comes to water quality impacts to lakes, rivers, streams and oceans. Diarrhoea is caused by a variety of microorganisms including viruses, bacteria and protozoans. Krishnan nair a study on the air pollution related human diseases in thiruvananthapuram city, kerala in martin j. Land or soil pollution diseases are those diseases caused by pollutants from the landdirtsoil. Water is one of the natures most essential gift to mankind. Particle pollution levels can be high any time of year. Excreta is the main cause of childhood diarrhoeal diseases. Belarusian state medical university the faculty of general medicine medical ecology is an emerging science that defines those aspects of the environment that have a direct bearing on human health. Also, as a result of pollution, the water you drink may contain heavy metals and iron rust which boiling cannot remove. The effects of iap on reproduction, cardiovascular disease and on other systems and organs.
A major water pollutants has been oil spilled in large. Infectious diarrhea is one of the most common diseases caused by water pollution. Water also comes in the form of ice in the polar ice caps and water vapor gas that rises into the air. Waterrelated disease is defined as any significant or widespread. The fertilizers, pesticides, manure, herbicides and other agrochemicals have given rise to widespread contamination of waterways and ground waters, in turn affecting plants, wildlife. The world health organization states that the provision of safe water alone will reduce diarrheal diseases by up to 50%. Contribution of water pollution from inadequate sanitation. Air pollution is composed of a complex mixture of substances that have well characterized adverse effects on health. The most common cause is a waterborne virus, but bacteria and parasites from water contaminated with feces are also common causes. The basic need for survival of human being is water. Urbanization and industrialization along with economic development have led to increase in energy consumption and waste discharges. A double asterisk indicates vector or insectborne diseases associated with water.
Can genetic mutations in previously benign microbes form harmful pathogens. And the world bank, along with the institute for health metrics and evaluation released a report showing that diseases from air pollution caused one in ten deaths five years ago, in 20 6 its not new delhi, with the dirtiest recorded air in the world. Terrible effects of agricultural pollution earth eclipse. About 97 per cent of earths water, unfit for human consumption. Contaminated water is the main source of infectious diseases e. Water pollution is defined as, any direct or indirect alteration of the physical, thermal, chemical, biological, radioactive properties of any part of the environment by, discharge, emission or deposit of wastes so as to affect any beneficial use adversely or to cause a condition, which is hazardous to public health, safety or welfare of animals, birds, wildlife, aquatic. The major causes of water pollution include sewage and other oxygendemanding wastes, urbanization, agrochemical wastes, thermal pollution, industrial wastes, nutrient enrichment, acid rain. Soil pollution diseases environmental pollution centers. Diarrhoea causes a person to lose both water and electrolytes, which leads to dehydration and, in some cases, to death. For more information, please visit healthy waters global water, sanitation, and hygienerelated diseases. In these countries, such diseases kill an estimated 4. Water covers about 70% of the earths surface whereas 0. Fact sheetschistosomiasis centers for disease control and prevention information on diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of the disease schistosomiasis. Water borne diseases list, water pollution diseases.
Diseases caused by pollution lead to the chronic illness and deaths of about 8. The term, waterborne disease, is most commonly used to signify infections that are caused due to infected water. We describe water as a colorless liquid that you cant smell or taste. Introduction ithe classification of waterrelated disease poses particular problems. Waterbased diseases are somewhat similar to waterborne diseases but are not typically an effect of water pollution. More than 200 diseases to pollution by geoffrey lean. The environmental pollution and contaminated water are increasing the burden of diseases, which is a biggest question mark on the performance of the federal and provincial governments, they said. Air pollution respiratory and lung diseases including o asthma attacks o chronic obstructive pulmonary disease copd o reduced lung function o pulmonary cancer caused by a series of carcinogen chemicals that through inhalation o mesothelioma a particular type of lung cancer, usually associated with exposure to asbestos it usually. Definition of waterrelated disease of the various terms for disease linked to water, water related disease is the most comprehensive. They each can cause severe abdominal cramps, nausea, headaches, gas and fever, chills and vomiting 3.
I classification of waterrelated disease r stanwellsmith encyclopedia of life support systems eolss or on food poisoning. I classification of waterrelated disease r stanwellsmith encyclopedia of life support systems eolss 2. Metals such as lead, arsenic, mercury, copper, from industrial waste water can have adverse effect on health of humans. Health effects of ambient air pollution in developing countries mdpi. Noncommunicable diseases ncds account for 72% of all deaths globally and this proportion is growing.
Bacteria, viruses, and protozoa can contaminate water and spread diseases such as typhoid, cholera, dysentery and diarrhea, jaundice, amoebiasis, dengue, filariasis, malaria etc. The bulk of those were noncommunicable diseases such as asthma, cancer, and heart disease. Health aspects of air pollution with particulate matter. The global environmental pollution, including greenhouse gas emissions and acid deposition, as well as water pollution and waste management is. Air pollution is the second leading cause of deaths from noncommunicable diseases ncds, after tobaccosmoking. Quantification of the health effects of exposure to air pollution. The world health organization estimates that 9 out of 10 people in the world are breathing air containing high levels of pollutants 5. What are the health costs of environmental pollution. The global burden of disease report 9 identified in 2012 that air pollution was among the leading risk factors for disease burden, being globally. Water pollution environmental health student portal. Water pollution involves the pollution of surface waters andor groundwater, which may cause a series of diseases referred to as water pollution diseases. Hundreds of millions face health risk as water pollution. Water related diseases who recognizes that access to adequate water supplies is a fundamental human right.
Both causes of death are associated with exposure mainly to pm, ozone and sulphates. Water pollution prevention and control water pollution, chemical water microbiology disease transmission geographic information systems technical cooperation guidelines address requests about publications of the who regional office for europe to. Cutting nutrient releases and installing systems to filter runoff. Water pollution and health article pdf available in kathmandu university medical journal 41. Water quality has a direct effect on the health of aquatic animals. Unicef water, sanitation and hygiene common water and. The adaptability of bacteria in combination with new biotechnology methods could produce new antibioticresistant bacteria in the water supply. Quantifying the impact of air pollution on the publics health has become an.
The surface water pollution has a number of sources. People with lung disease, children, older people, and those who are more exposed to so2 are at higher risk of the skin and lung diseases. Pollution poses a serious risk to life especially when the water is a source of drinking and for domestic purposes for humans polluted waters are potent agents of diseases such as cholera, typhoid and tuberculosis. It is important for the sustenance and growth of human beings as well as of all animals and plants. Many different pollutants can harm our rivers, streams, lakes, and oceans. Air pollution is an important risk factor for health in europe and worldwide. Disease project of the world health organization who it has. English pdf open knowledge repository world bank group. Up to 323 million people on three continents at risk of infection from diseases caused by pathogens in water. River pollution has been one of the main topics in the environmental issue of urban dhaka. Water pollution diseases environmental pollution centers. The data must be interpreted cautiously, as differences between countries are likely to reflect the efficiency of surveillance systems rather than differences in outbreaks, and data were available for only 14 countries. This is in part because pollution causes so many diseases that it is often difficult. Classification of investigations of waterborne disease outbreaks in the united states.
Tiny organisms like bacteria, viruses, and parasites may live in our water supplies. It causes frequent passage of loose, water stools that can cause dehydration and death to young children and infants. The rivers surrounding the capital city, including the turag have been steadily experiencing complicated problems like pollution and encroachment that have almost suffocated these valuable lifelines of the city 1416. Pollution and disease preliminary alan muller green delaware. Environment pollution is a widereaching problem and it is likely to influence the health of human populations is great. Waterrelated diseases can be of many types including waterborne, waterbased, waterwashed or watervector, categorized on the basis of their transmission path. Publications who regional office for europe scherfigsvej 8 dk2100 copenhagen o, denmark. Air, water pollution major cause of death and disease in. Among the most serious parasitic diseases are amoebiasis, giardiasis, ascariasis, and hookworm.
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